Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is the re-injection of potable water back into an aquifer for later recovery and use. ASR has been done for municipal, industry and agriculture use. The first agriculture ASR wells were put into service in Oregon in the autumn of 2006 and have injected well over a 3,000 acre feet (3,700,000 m3) of water during the winter and spring flood flow times using artificial recharge (AR) of flood water as their water source. This shallow recharged water is then recovered as potable water and injected into the deep basalt aquifer. During the injection process electrical energy can be generated by the head pressure of the water flowing back into the aquifer. This stored water is recovered during late summer and early autumn for irrigation needs. Both of these wells use a down hole control valve built by 3R Valve of Echo, Oregon. ASR can also be used to re-inject water used by HVAC systems to maintain the ground water levels and store the thermal differances from summer time cooling for winter time heating. Industary can also capture cold winter waters and store it for summer time use and avoid the need for cooling water in the summer for indrustral processes. This may also free up short supplies of summer time water for other benafitical uses. This reinjection process may also avoid the cost of surface disposal and avoid the increased thermal load to the rivers and streams during the summer air conditioning season.[1]